Medical researchers are hopeful that a new investigational drug being tested in clinical trials will prove to be an effective treatment for Tourette Syndrome \u2013 an inherited, misdiagnosed, misunderstood neurological disorder that presents in childhood and causes involuntary motor and vocal tics.<\/p>\n
The new drug, AZD5213, targets the human histamine H3<\/sub> receptor.\u00a0 <\/span>In the brain, this receptor regulates neurotransmitters associated with Tourette Syndrome \u2013 including dopamine and histamine. A mutation that affects histamine synthesis<\/a><\/strong> was recently confirmed to be the cause of TS in a father and all eight of his children, a finding supported by research in mice.<\/span><\/p>\n If approved for treatment of Tourette, AZD5213 might represent an alternative to antipsychotics, which don\u2019t work well in all patients and can cause serious negative side effects.\u00a0 <\/span>Discovered by AstraZeneca, AZD5213 has been shown to have a favorable safety profile, with no serious drug-related side effects reported in Phase 1 and Phase 2 clinical trials completed at the time of this report.<\/p>\n “AZD5213 represents an exciting new approach to the treatment of Tourette Syndrome, and we are currently recruiting teenagers suffering from the disorder to participate in the clinical trial,\u201d says Dr. Roger Kurlan, Director of the Movement Disorders Program at Overlook Medical Center\u2019s Atlantic Neuroscience Institute in Summit, N.J.<\/p>\n Dr. Kurlan, who frequently collaborates with the NJ Center for Tourette Syndrome & Associated Disorders (NJCTS<\/strong><\/a>) in Somerville, N.J., is a leading expert in the treatment of Tourette and is one of approximately six medical researchers involved in the clinical trial.<\/p>\n AZD5213 already has been studied in other clinical trials, including those for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. With Tourette Syndrome, which is associated with changes in brain chemistry that appear to cause the characteristic symptoms of the disorder, AZD5213 might be able to counteract these changes \u2013 with the potential to provide symptomatic relief with less of the negative side effects associated with existing treatments.\u00a0 <\/span>More than 200 human subjects have already received single or multiple doses of AZD5213, with no serious drug-related adverse side effects.<\/p>\n The clinical trial is a 6-month, multicenter, randomized, safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic, and preliminary efficacy study of AZD5213 in adolescents 12 to 17 years of age with Tourette Syndrome. The trial includes an up to 21-day screening period, 6 months of once-daily treatment with placebo or AZD5213, and a 3-week follow-up period.<\/p>\n Because of the crossover design of the trial, all enrolled patients will receive AZD5213 for at least part of the trial. Approximately 24 subjects will be treated in this study.\u00a0 <\/span>Safety will be carefully ensured by a battery of safety tests administered at visits throughout the study, and efficacy will be determined by means of questionnaires designed to assess the severity of symptoms associated with Tourette Syndrome.<\/p>\n According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1 in 100 children show signs of Tourette Syndrome. The disorder is three times as likely in boys as in girls, and most patients experience their worst symptoms in their early teen years. There is no cure, and symptoms can persist throughout life \u2013 although most patients see improvement as they approach and enter adulthood.<\/p>\n Exaggerated portrayals of Tourette Syndrome have been used for comic relief in films and TV shows, usually featuring characters who shout obscenities involuntarily. In reality, this type of verbal tic \u2013 known as coprolalia \u2013 is present in only 10 to 15 percent of those with TS.<\/p>\n \u201cIn real life, Tourette\u2019s is no laughing matter,\u201d Dr. Kurlan says. \u201cThese patients often struggle with self-esteem and socialization issues, which generally arise at a crucial time in their social development.\u00a0 <\/span>Sadly, many are victims of bullying and the ridicule of their peers.\u201d<\/p>\n Tourette\u2019s is most often present in combination with other neurological disorders, such as attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and Tourette\u2019s patients are commonly troubled by depression, anxiety and developmental delays.<\/p>\n For more information on participating in this trial at Atlantic Neuroscience Institute at Overlook Medical Center, please call 908-522-5901 or e-mail caroline.panter@atlantichealth.org<\/a><\/strong>. More information about Tourette Syndrome is available by calling 908-575-7350 or by visiting www.njcts.org<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n